Heat and Cold Storage

In the research topic Heat and Cold Storage, our work focuses on the following fields of work:

 

Materials Development

 

Component Development

 

Storage System Layout

 

System Integration

More than 40 percent of the final energy demand in Germany is used for the provision of heat and cold in buildings. Consumption is subject to strong seasonal, daily and weekly fluctuations. Thermal storage is therefore a key technology for ensuring the flexible provision of heating and cooling in buildings. By using thermal and also electrical storage solutions, the generation and consumption of renewable energy can be decoupled from each other.

With the energy transformation and the greater availability of renewable energy, the requirements on the dimensioning and control of supply systems in buildings increases. In addition, global warming increases the need for building cooling. Building developers, property developers of large installations, technical building equipment suppliers as well as component and material manufacturers are increasingly faced with the challenge of providing heating and cooling in their buildings and systems in a demand-oriented, cost-effective and efficient manner.

Fraunhofer ISE develops and optimizes heat and cold storage systems for residential and office buildings as well as for power plants and industrial applications. In the building segment, we work on storage solutions for temperatures ranging from 0 to around 100 degrees Celsius, storage capacities of up to 500 kWh and a storage duration of a few hours up to several days. We cover the entire value chain and support our customers in the selection of suitable technologies, the development of new materials and components, the optimization of storage systems as well as in analysis, monitoring and operational optimization.

Fraunhofer ISE researches and develops solutions for various storage technologies:

Latent heat storage

Phase change materials do not change their temperature during charging and discharging. The change in the state of aggregation is used for storage. In the case of a solid-liquid phase transition, the latent heat corresponds to the heat of melting or crystallization of the storage material. Within a defined, narrow temperature range, phase change materials offer significantly higher storage densities than conventional sensible storage materials. Phase change materials can be used in many applications in buildings and industry. They are also very well suited for temperature buffering in batteries, electronic components or household appliances. The development, characterization and selection of suitable phase change materials as well as the research of efficient methods for heat transfer are the main focus of Fraunhofer ISE's activities.

Sensible storage/water storage tanks

Sensible heat storage using water as a heat transfer medium is already being used on a large scale in buildings for domestic hot water and space heating, e.g. as decentralized storage tanks in the home or as central storage systems for buildings and real estate, including residential areas. In these storage systems, the supply and extraction of thermal energy manifests itself noticeably by a temperature change. Water is very well suited as a heat transfer medium because it has a comparatively high specific heat capacity, is widely available and safe for the environment. Nevertheless, there are still R&D issues, e.g. with regard to reducing heat losses through better insulation or the development of optimized charging and discharging devices.

Sorptive storage

Sorptive systems store heat based on the physical interaction between two substances, the sorbent and the sorbate. Often the adsorption of gases on porous materials (adsorption) such as silica gels, zeolites or Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) is used, but liquids can and are also used for gas absorption. In thermochemical storage, the chemical bond between two substances is used for heat storage. The hydration (binding of water) of salts such as CaCl2, MgCl2 or MgSO4 is an example here. Both concepts offer a virtually loss-free possibility to store heat. Compared to sensible storage systems, sorption and thermochemical storage systems offer higher storage densities. They are used in the building sector in air conditioning and ventilation systems, for example. However, these systems require more complex systems and generally higher investment costs compared to purely sensible storage systems. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the system, the boundary conditions, the material, the reactor design and thus the costs of heat generation is essential in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of different storage solutions.

Selected Research Projects

 

Thermal Fabric

Technological Design and Thermal Fluid Dynamic Characterization of Wire Fabric-Based Micro Heat Exchangers with High Performance Potential

 

Rural-Li

Robust Lithium Battery Storage for Use in Isolated PV Systems of Low Power

Stefan Gschwander

Contact Press / Media

Stefan Gschwander

Heat and Cold Storage

Fraunhofer ISE
Heidenhofstr. 2
79110 Freiburg

Phone +49 761 4588-5494

Current Publications - Heat and Cold Storage

Jahr
Year
Titel/Autor:in
Title/Author
Publikationstyp
Publication Type
2023 Zyklische Wasserverdampfer für Adsorptionskälteanlagen - Herausforderungen eines vereisenden Betriebs
Volmer, Rahel; Nonnen, Thomas; Da Silva Moreira, Adrian; Füldner, Gerrit; Schnabel, Lena; Herrmann, Ralph
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2023 Adsorption Dynamics and Hydrothermal Stability of MOFs Aluminium Fumarate, MIL-160 (Al), and CAU-10-H, and Zeotype TiAPSO for Heat Transformation Applications
Velte-Schäfer, Andreas; Laurenz, Eric; Rustam, Lina; Hügenell, Philipp; Henninger, Matthias; Seiler, Jan; Füldner, Gerrit
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2023 Comparison of PVT - heat pump systems with reference systems for the energy supply of a single-family house
Chhugani, Bharat; Pärisch, Peter; Helmling, Sebastian; Giovannetti, Federico
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2022 Influence of User Behaviour on Functioning and Performance of Passive Phase-change Materials Systems after More Than a Decade of Operation
Obergfell, Tabea; Gölz, Sebastian; Haussmann, Thomas; Gschwander, Stefan; Wagner, Andreas
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2022 PCM Products and their Fields of Application - an Overview of the State in 2020/2021
Mehling, H.; Brütting, M.; Haussmann, T.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2022 Phase Change Materials in Buildings - State of the art
Haussmann, Thomas; Obergfell, Tabea; Gschwander, Stefan
Aufsatz in Buch
Book Article
2022 Die Energiewende im Gebäudesektor - aktuelle Entwicklungen aus der Forschung
Henning, Hans-Martin
Vortrag
Presentation
2021 Zeolite NaY-Copper Composites Produced by Sintering Processes for Adsorption Heat Transformation
Velte, Andreas; Weise, Jörg; Laurenz, Eric; Baumeister, Joachim; Füldner, Gerrit
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Reduction of Rotation Phase Supercooling in N-Docosanol Nano Phase Change Slurries
Kick, M.; Gschwander, S.
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2021 Enhancing the Flexibility of Electricity Generation and Heating for Kizildere II Geothermal Power Plant by Demonstrating Heat Storage Systems
Sahiller, H.A.; Halaçoglu, U.; Sengün, R.; Pekdüz, I.; Rougé, S.; Ghanatos, E.; Pouvreau, J.; Valdimarsson, P.; Gamisch, S.; Alferez Luna, M.P.; Paul, S.; Sabard, A.; Fanicchia, F.; Ediger, V.; Kirkil, G.; Baudouin, E.
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2021 Long-term Functionality of a Passive Phase-change Materials Building Application after more than a Decade of Operation
Obergfell, T.; Solano Guzmán, J.; Haussmann, T.; Gschwander, S.; Wagner, A.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Comparison of RC-model and FEM-model for a PCM-plate storage including free convection
Neumann, H.; Gamisch, S.; Gschwander, S.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Storage capacity in dependency of supercooling and cycle stability of different PCM emulsions
Gschwander, S.; Niedermaier, S.; Gamisch, S.; Kick, M.; Klünder, F.; Haussmann, T.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Wire Cloth Heat Exchanger for Latent Heat Storages
Gamisch, S.; Gschwander, S.; Ruptisch, S.J.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Adsorber heat exchanger using Al-fumarate beads for heat-pump applications - a transport study
Farrusseng, D.; Daniel, C.; Hamill, C.; Casaban, J.; Didriksen, T.; Blom, R.; Velte, A.; Füldner, G.; Gantenbein, P.; Persdorf, P.; Daguenet-Frick, X.; Meunier, F.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2021 Hydrothermal stress test - Investigation on zeolite 13X and Al-fumarate for their application in open heat storage application
Rustam, Lina; Ruh, Stephan; Hügenell, Philipp; Ernst, Sebastian-Johannes; Henninger, Stefan
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2020 Experimentally measured thermal masses of adsorption heat exchangers
Gluesenkamp, K.R.; Frazzica, A.; Velte, A.; Metcalf, S.; Yang, Z.; Rouhani, M.; Blackman, C.; Qu, M.; Laurenz, E.; Rivero-Pacho, A.; Hinmers, S.; Critoph, R.; Bahrami, M.; Füldner, G.; Hallin, I.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2020 Capillary-assisted evaporation of water from finned tubes - Impacts of experimental setups and dynamics
Seiler, J.; Volmer, R.; Krakau, D.; Pöhls, J.; Ossenkopp, F.; Schnabel, L.; Bardow, A.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2020 Solarthermiekosten senken
Kramer, W.; Keuper, A.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2020 A Novel Approach for the Determination of Sorption Equilibria and Sorption Enthalpy Used for MOF Aluminium Fumarate with Water
Laurenz, E.; Füldner, G.; Schnabel, L.; Schmitz, G.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2020 Metal-Organic Frameworks as Sorption Materials for Heat Transformation Processes
Steinert, D.M.; Ernst, S.-J.; Henninger, S.; Janiak, C.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2020 Campusweites Kältenetz für Höhere Effizienz und Netzdienlichkeit
Nienborg, B.; Notheis, M.; Kurzlechner, P.; Seiz, J.; Engelmann, P.
Vortrag
Presentation
2020 Unravelling the water adsorption in a robust iron carboxylate metal-organic framework
Lenzen, D.; Eggebrecht, J.G.; Mileo, P.G.M.; Fröhlich, D.; Henninger, S.; Atzori, C.; Bonino, F.; Lieb, A.; Maurin, G.; Stock, N.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2019 Effizientere solarthermische Heizungsanlagen durch Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)
Kramer, W.
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2019 Adsorption dynamics of MOF coatings for waste heat driven cooling
Laurenz, E.; Velte, A.; Kummer, H.; Füldner, G.; Schnabel, L.
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2019 Characterization of an n-octadecane PCS in a 0.5 m³ storage tank test facility
Biedenbach, Michael; Poetzsch, Leonard; Gschwander, Stefan
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2019 Estimations of energy density and storage efficiency for cascading adsorption heat storage concepts
Treier, M.S.; Munz, G.; Velte, A.; Henninger, S.K.; Schmidt, F.P.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2019 Künstliche Intelligenz regelt Heizungsanlagen effizienter
Kramer, W.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2019 Heizen mit künstlicher Intelligenz
Kramer, W.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2017 A Power-Based Model of a Heating Station for District Heating (DH) System Applications
Dahash, Abdulrahman; Steingrube, Annette; Elci, Mehmet
Konferenzbeitrag
Conference Paper
2017 Netzreaktive Gebäude - Ganzheitliche Bewertung von Bauphysik und Gebäudeenergiesystemen einschliesslich ihrer Rolle in der Energiewirtschaft: Energie, Exergie, Leistungsbezug und -abgabe. Abschlussbericht 2017
Kalz, Doreen; Klein, Konstantin
Bericht
Report
2016 Characterisation and enhancement of phase change slurries
Niedermaier, S.; Biedenbach, M.; Gschwander, S.
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Journal Article
2016 Untersuchung und simulationstechnische Optimierung von Wärmeversorgungskonzepten für Wohngebäude, deren Gesamtwärmebedarf zu 50 % bis 100 % mit Solarwärme gedeckt wird und Vergleich mit anderen CO2-reduzierten Wärmeversorgungskonzepten. Schlussbericht zum Verbundvorhaben
Oliva, A.; Stryi-Hipp, G.; Kobelt, S.; Bestenlehner, D.; Drück, H.; Müller, M.; Bühl, J.; Dasch, G.; Kerschl, C.
Bericht
Report
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