CalLab PV Cells / CalLab PV Modules

We measure your solar cells and PV modules with high precision, speed, and reliability.

In photovoltaics, the precise measurement of solar cells and modules is of critical importance. The Fraunhofer ISE CalLab photovoltaic calibration laboratory is one of the world’s leading laboratories offering measurement services.

We measure all types of solar cells and PV modules precisely and reliably in accordance with international standards. We have state-of-the-art equipment at our disposal for this purpose. We also develop our own specialized precision measuring instruments.

To ensure we consistently meet the highest quality standards, we regularly participate in international interlaboratory comparisons with other calibration laboratories.

 

CalLab PV Cells

CalLab PV Cells offers the calibration / measurement of solar cells from a wide range of PV technologies.

 

CalLab PV Modules

Our service offer ranges from the calibration of single cells and modules to customized tasks such as the calibration of bifacial modules.

 

Reference Cells

WPVS Reference Cells for primary or secondary calibration, Indoor and Outdoor Reference Cells.

CalLab Celebrates Its 40th Anniversary

Since 1986, the Fraunhofer ISE CalLab has been measuring solar cells and PV modules with the highest precision and setting new global standards. From the first calibrated solar cell to groundbreaking accreditations and the world’s first measurement of a perovskite-silicon tandem module – the lab has played a pivotal role in shaping the photovoltaic industry over four decades. Discover our most important milestones and scroll through our timeline!

  1. 1986: Founding and First Calibrated Solar Cell Measurement

    CalLab PV Cells was founded in 1986, followed five years later by CalLab PV Modules. The joint calibration laboratory measures the performance of solar cells and modules. We also ship reference solar cells and reference modules to PV manufacturers and other research institutions around the world.

    CalLab PV Cells Founding 1986
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  2. 1994: First indoor PV module measurement at ISE using a flasher

    Starting in 1991, PV modules could also be sent to CalLab to have their performance tested. Initially, this was still done in outdoor test stands under calibrated “real-world conditions.” Three years later, the CalLab team began using a device known as a “Flasher.” From then on, measurements were taken indoors in a completely darkened room using standardized flashes of light.

    CalLab PV Modules Accreditation
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  3. 1996: World’s first spectrometric characterization of a tandem solar cell

    Since 1996, CalLab has been investigating how tandem solar cells behave when spectral conditions change, as is the case throughout the day or over the course of a year. To this end, we developed a method of spectrometric characterization in which the solar cell is measured while the incident spectrum is systematically varied. This method is more relevant than ever given current research on perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells.

    Spectrometric Characterization of a Tandem Solar Cell
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  4. 2001: First measurement of a concentrator module with tandem cells, taking the solar spectrum into account

    A 192 cm² concentrator module with Fresnel lenses and GaInP/GaInAs tandem solar cells was characterized. Using the new characterization method, the module achieved an efficiency of 24.9% in outdoor tests.

    Concentrator module with tandem cells
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  5. 2006: Accreditation of CalLab PV Modules as a testing laboratory in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005

    Accreditation as a testing laboratory for PV modules was an important milestone in our development. It confirms our independence, impartiality, and technical expertise, thereby creating a reliable foundation for our work. With this accreditation, we were able to raise our quality standards to a new level and further strengthen the traceability of our testing and measurement processes.

    Flasher Measurement Technology at CalLab
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  6. 2008: Accreditation of CalLab Cells as a calibration laboratory in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005

    Calibration means understanding the measurement process so precisely that all measurement uncertainties are known, thereby enabling the measured value to be traced back to a national standard (e.g., the meter prototype). To this end, CalLab PV Cells has worked closely with the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) since its inception, is certified according to various standards, and has been accredited as a calibration laboratory since 2008.

    CalLab PV Cells Accreditation
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  7. 2008: Substantial Expansion of Module Testing Capacity and Move to the New Module Testing Laboratory

    The move to the new module testing laboratory marked another significant step in the further development of our laboratory. The expanded facilities and enhanced technical equipment enabled us to significantly increase our testing capacity and conduct more tests simultaneously.

    New Module Testing Laboratory
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  8. 2015: Accreditation of CalLab PV Modules as a calibration laboratory in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005

    CalLab PV Modules transitions from a testing laboratory to a calibration laboratory: On March 24, 2015, the German Accreditation Body (DAkkS) confirmed CalLab PV Modules’ competence in accordance with DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 to perform calibrations in the field of photovoltaics. In doing so, the laboratory immediately sets new standards. It has become, right from the start, the first accredited laboratory worldwide with a measurement uncertainty of just 1.6%.

    CalLab PV Modules Accreditation
    © Fraunhofer ISE
  9. 2026: 40 Years of Efficiency Records

    Since 1986, the efficiencies of the cells and modules measured at CalLab have increased rapidly: As of June 2026, our accredited tests had certified world records a total of 152 times. This data is based on the Solar Cell Efficiency Tables 1 through 68 (1993 through June 2026), which have included records set by scientists at Fraunhofer ISE from the very beginning.

    Solarzellen-Wirkungsgrade über die Jahre
    © Fraunhofer ISE

On this topic from our research blog »Innovation4E«:

Callab PV Cells: 30 Years of High Precision Measurement in Freiburg

Blog post by Klaus Heidler

Dr. Klaus HeidlerIf you want to know the efficiency of a solar cell exactly, it is likely that you will land in Freiburg, Germany sooner or later. For 30 years high-precision reference solar cells – and for almost 25 years reference modules – have been measured at the CalLab PV Cells of Fraunhofer ISE. Researchers, producers and plant operators order calibrated cells to have their own benchmarks. It is comparable to the “model meter“ in Paris: If you have one copy of that standard, you can always check your in-house measurement equipment against it. Since CalLab PV Cells is internationally renowned and certified, any research value published with the certificate of Fraunhofer ISE will automatically be more credible. CalLab PV Cells was founded in 1986 with three co-workers. Today 30 employees calibrate about 2,500 solar cells and 5,000 solar modules each year.

Read more on blog.innovation4e.de