In an energy community, various actors can join forces and jointly consume, generate, store, and/or sell energy. There does not have to be a direct spatial relationship between the actors. This concept is also known as energy sharing. Energy communities are intended to enable citizens to play an active role in the energy transition, thereby increasing local value creation and acceptance of renewable energies. Participants also have the opportunity to save costs by consuming the electricity they generate themselves.
At EU level, the legal framework for energy communities was already established in a directive (RED II) in 2018. In Germany, energy sharing has so far only been partially transposed into national law.